{"id":"W4382239294","doi":"10.1007/978-981-19-7826-5_77","title":"Re-examining the Existence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve: Evidence from Six Kinds of Canadian Air Pollutions","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Applied economics and policy studies","topic":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Kuznets curve; Gross domestic product; Per capita; Air pollution; Panel data; Economics; Econometrics; Pollution; Pollutant; Variance (accounting); Environmental science; Agricultural economics; Macroeconomics; Demography; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003561573,0.0006477809,0.0007370253,0.006575251,0.005344881,0.004928323,0.003002872,0.001395565,0.009251853],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02476455,0.0002709512,0.0008415061,0.02012992,0.003627184,0.003368069,0.002668808,0.002084905,0.000691051],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02916135,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03163374,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9922259,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9936289,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969812,0.0002522981,0.0001343159,0.000347258,0.001516053,0.0007689125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9721035,0.008109797,0.002605085,0.002234973,0.01381837,0.001128269],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005266726,0.0001747103,0.7300574,0.0005877058,0.0004388556,0.0006117331,0.01458701,0.006367053,0.0008099754,0.1014092,0.03514807,0.1092817],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001982028,0.00002477404,0.9115902,0.0002376115,0.0002790213,0.00008197509,0.01935131,0.002287485,0.0007074042,0.008689996,0.0566613,0.00006904562],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8512467,0.008128743,0.00224376,0.00619633,0.0001145435,0.00008815776,0.009377193,0.00008361053,0.1225209],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9784404,0.003399339,0.0006792214,0.0005106381,0.00005826825,0.00001733845,0.00482124,0.00005613011,0.01201728],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02916135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2115814,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09153122489321226,"score_gpt":0.2354574430483481,"score_spread":0.1439262181551359,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}