{"id":"W4382345359","doi":"10.1186/s41256-023-00307-0","title":"Down the brain drain: a rapid review exploring physician emigration from West Africa","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Global Health Research and Policy","topic":"Global Health Workforce Issues","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Institute for Work & Health; Thinkpath Engineering Services (Canada); University of Toronto","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Emigration; Medicine; Brain drain; Remuneration; Public health; Inclusion (mineral); Population; Family medicine; Nursing; Environmental health; Business; Political science; Economic growth; Psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0097516,0.0008002398,0.003069252,0.0004144958,0.004600719,0.0001023365,0.001290046,0.0006237858,0.0002188489],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003415764,0.0005331132,0.0003726589,0.006259666,0.0004405995,0.000235937,0.00108092,0.004050225,0.006626955],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003919922,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01277448,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04984747,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01005558,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9789614,0.01127419,0.002551796,0.00122004,0.001716723,0.004275843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.987938,0.007056594,0.001056099,0.00164848,0.0005350017,0.001765773],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001279179,0.00002309035,0.000004643804,0.0706725,0.00003981095,0.000006061211,0.0007760118,2.009246e-8,2.80564e-9,0.005936338,0.3616315,0.5608973],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002003137,0.0002491592,0.00007212505,0.1909409,0.0000423809,0.000003402582,0.0008222648,0.000001331859,2.964693e-9,0.003222492,0.8042022,0.0002434641],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000005347648,0.9159227,0.000002224269,0.06138808,0.0006432857,0.009175673,0.002500048,0.0003033634,0.01005926],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000004820974,0.9710938,0.00004150047,0.01478627,0.005439488,0.00476778,0.0009747541,0.0001136639,0.002777888],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5606538,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999039,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.5924426704301539,"score_gpt":0.6288591564810874,"score_spread":0.03641648605093351,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}