{"id":"W4382398603","doi":"10.5194/sp-2023-13","title":"Climate targets, carbon dioxide removal and the potential role of Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; European Commission; ClimateWorks Foundation; Boettcher Foundation","keywords":"Alkalinity; Environmental science; Greenhouse gas; Carbon dioxide; Software deployment; Ocean acidification; Environmental resource management; Global warming; Climate change; Carbon dioxide removal; Environmental economics; Natural resource economics; Business; Environmental planning; Computer science; Ecology; Chemistry; Biology; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004216345,0.0005784649,0.0004898195,0.001262886,0.0004792273,0.004066851,0.0009122317,0.001287293,0.004041082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006571262,0.0001577526,0.0005829836,0.00169387,0.00206259,0.002800422,0.002459012,0.001870369,0.0006498502],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002833012,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002714317,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01248017,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0090517,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983707,0.0004831266,0.00006165429,0.0003063939,0.0006684769,0.0001096296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960448,0.001758196,0.0005126682,0.0003164044,0.001203185,0.0001646324],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006193306,0.0001588964,0.02111239,0.004880136,0.0004153285,0.0003775357,0.000696736,0.03734238,0.0141986,0.4420595,0.040675,0.4374642],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004931355,0.000370433,0.03383045,0.003193075,0.0002376872,0.0002340868,0.00191682,0.02427159,0.04022713,0.3627995,0.532636,0.0002339565],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08987885,0.3314767,0.100935,0.08832681,0.005255911,0.000186977,0.003341807,0.0008498912,0.379748],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8647233,0.0863181,0.02511082,0.004398002,0.0009426863,0.0001337578,0.0008070959,0.000226336,0.01733985],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01248017,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02481508,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01088626400591446,"score_gpt":0.2208955545623292,"score_spread":0.2100092905564148,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}