{"id":"W4382464134","doi":"10.1515/9781553394310-018","title":"A Tale Of Two Cities? The Surge Of Top Incomes At The City Level In Canada","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"McGill-Queen's University Press eBooks","topic":"Regional Development and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Surge; Geography; Demographic economics; Economics; Meteorology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045374,0.0002061213,0.0003849143,0.0001135324,0.000428212,0.000008190768,0.0007795611,0.0001496779,0.00008068218],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003288726,0.0001566733,0.0001288202,0.00003527933,0.0007535333,0.00006208778,0.0004983263,0.0002606009,0.000001196621],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001172369,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001892265,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9762139,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6545551,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998337,0.0001854128,0.0002470215,0.0002109605,0.0007423842,0.0002771707],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985704,0.0004089813,0.0003716225,0.0003203748,0.0002277931,0.0001007702],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005196825,0.000004509954,0.001363131,0.000025737,0.00008607832,0.000026462,0.002298783,0.00001084133,6.994057e-7,0.9833892,0.01219806,0.0005445103],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002926936,0.000007663833,0.0007583046,0.00007304012,0.00003531289,4.043872e-7,0.000815375,0.000001017563,0.0000517402,0.002416213,0.9953626,0.0001856186],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.002753884,0.000006785038,0.000001072269,0.0007685975,0.0001671932,0.0003595822,0.0006512281,0.00001039111,0.9952813],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1338361,0.0001097998,0.000007631914,0.00009546988,0.00004402052,8.939406e-7,0.00001335092,0.00001177016,0.865881],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9831645,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.638895,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05613951022699477,"score_gpt":0.255232971946927,"score_spread":0.1990934617199323,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}