{"id":"W4382582272","doi":"10.3390/systems11070332","title":"Addressing Complexity in Chronic Disease Prevention Research","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Systems","topic":"Health Policy Implementation Science","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"National Health and Medical Research Council; Tasmanian Department of Health; Medical Research Council; NSW Ministry of Health; Australian National University; Australian Government","keywords":"Scope (computer science); Management science; Systematic review; Value (mathematics); Grounded theory; Computer science; Qualitative research; Psychology; Engineering ethics; Data science; Knowledge management; Sociology; MEDLINE; Political science; Engineering; Social science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"},{"model":"grok","categories":["metaresearch"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"},{"model":"opus","categories":["metaresearch"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"qualitative","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"}],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01172311,0.00007112393,0.0001646341,0.0005053062,0.0009945373,0.00002635296,0.0002256668,0.00006506408,0.0002517531],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001514817,0.00006732076,0.00002188168,0.001880519,0.0001129912,0.0001886489,0.0001583297,0.0005030278,0.004216257],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00143956,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002626702,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001907744,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002359295,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9925974,0.004614192,0.0007207958,0.0002912483,0.000746058,0.001030324],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976049,0.001400934,0.0001472253,0.0003538743,0.0001874165,0.0003056138],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001742894,0.0001088883,0.3588608,0.01920983,0.00002199314,0.000131276,0.06795993,0.001122529,0.004415139,0.04625191,0.4921586,0.009584801],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001393715,0.00006772412,0.796271,0.002437317,0.000002345979,5.591394e-7,0.01268566,0.01932495,0.000005151874,0.004212939,0.1634244,0.0001742645],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9780392,0.0001849914,0.0002355473,0.00965522,0.00159075,0.003776234,0.00008649665,0.0002972635,0.006134265],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9914691,0.0000240295,0.00002121546,0.0002399471,0.0003591345,0.000959106,0.00002680404,0.00001510393,0.00688558],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4374101,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9965591,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.9753632976502333,"score_gpt":0.8117160767394603,"score_spread":0.163647220910773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}