{"id":"W4382584183","doi":"10.1257/app.20210583","title":"Uncovering Peer Effects in Social and Academic Skills","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Economic Journal Applied Economics","topic":"School Choice and Performance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Peer effects; Psychology; Social skills; Peer group; Test (biology); Developmental psychology; Social psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00157642,0.0002893624,0.0003731487,0.0007722166,0.0004860972,0.0008452426,0.0004813679,0.0004857771,0.006065667],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008945096,0.0001932185,0.0002072209,0.0005446411,0.001380674,0.0007053256,0.001789932,0.0006730798,0.0002617103],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004818297,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003715905,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002980426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004311542,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983695,0.0009537147,0.00002411852,0.0002490869,0.0002175156,0.0001859372],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9897332,0.006797886,0.001909128,0.000511468,0.0002650709,0.0007832345],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007818787,0.001480542,0.9380564,0.0001423227,0.0002361939,0.0005599288,0.005811097,0.001008732,0.01119778,0.006065587,0.000520966,0.03413844],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000287759,0.0004255376,0.9932219,0.00001421809,0.00006119171,0.00007052049,0.002157844,0.001237042,0.0007016466,0.001440763,0.0006325261,0.000007999066],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970721,0.00007896889,0.0003187868,0.00009767271,0.000003208948,0.000009281096,0.00004256344,0.000004198774,0.002373112],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993924,0.00003957684,0.0001386024,0.00001819626,0.000004634272,0.000008880698,0.0000188039,0.000002267691,0.0003765544],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006065667,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02029169,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0158985573484141,"score_gpt":0.3025954213860723,"score_spread":0.2866968640376582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}