{"id":"W4382877137","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2023.117069","title":"Cationic tall oil lignin-starch copolymer as a flocculant for clay suspensions","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial Crops and Products","topic":"Lignin and Wood Chemistry","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Cationic polymerization; Starch; Copolymer; Flocculation; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Lignin; Nuclear chemistry; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Polymer","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001791904,0.0001436473,0.0001621954,0.00005439104,0.0001319291,0.00006426479,0.00009723237,0.0001697094,0.00001958757],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001493362,0.0001336549,0.00003397488,0.0003215389,0.00004478097,0.0000560002,0.00004280979,0.0001963069,0.00007192425],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000259259,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001120445,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006065191,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007556192,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991161,0.0000117093,0.0001844572,0.0002563491,0.0001220382,0.0003093862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995037,0.00007371904,0.00002206279,0.0002305293,0.00006708251,0.0001028547],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004597607,0.00002764959,0.0002014883,0.0001790073,0.0001053149,0.00002350065,0.0005707072,0.0002351545,0.3880896,0.0004138711,0.6025478,0.007559953],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008917787,0.00006552739,0.00002158215,0.00004861911,0.00003022977,0.00001711197,0.00009114728,0.0002398739,0.8481061,0.0002010233,0.1500506,0.0002363215],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9892744,0.0005657004,0.000001125368,0.002143948,0.001264869,0.0002359489,0.00005955199,0.0003566903,0.006097727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917287,0.0001569141,0.00005413679,0.00004206906,0.001654823,0.00005371174,0.0001430799,0.00003615238,0.00613037],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4600165,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5450288,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04423600025781688,"score_gpt":0.2565104790172582,"score_spread":0.2122744787594413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}