{"id":"W4383058927","doi":"10.1002/hec.4730","title":"Health care expenditure and income in Canada: Evidence from panel data","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Health Economics","topic":"Global Health Care Issues","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"San Francisco State University","keywords":"Cointegration; Economics; Income elasticity of demand; Panel data; Demographic economics; Econometrics; Health care; Economic growth","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001540782,0.0004152932,0.0006882833,0.002248116,0.001501597,0.001605182,0.000853392,0.0004041901,0.003136205],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006525568,0.0003543088,0.001116418,0.01021729,0.0005921442,0.0005164042,0.0009481691,0.0008830358,0.0003625462],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01897533,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02215383,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9960509,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9961329,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987759,0.0001752939,0.00008391906,0.0001592531,0.0004692143,0.0003363614],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.992358,0.001513776,0.001947033,0.0005048816,0.002987828,0.0006884112],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001813534,0.00005494114,0.9720176,0.0001275472,0.0006590803,0.0001385833,0.0003713364,0.006798925,0.00009427137,0.001201657,0.007604308,0.01075028],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002283249,0.00001643674,0.9889205,0.0000786578,0.0002074522,0.00003291203,0.0003620198,0.0043118,0.0001421077,0.0002108019,0.005664998,0.00002943098],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9042305,0.005385709,0.00136122,0.002329102,0.00006501521,0.00007197124,0.07688589,0.00009867642,0.00957184],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9531655,0.003772529,0.0007879799,0.000239883,0.00002328426,0.00002605789,0.03904889,0.00001957986,0.002916321],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9810247,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1376763,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2299953808566192,"score_gpt":0.4597825832119251,"score_spread":0.2297872023553059,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}