{"id":"W4383225070","doi":"10.5539/elt.v16n8p1","title":"Saudi Arabian University Students&amp;#39; Perspectives on Issues and Solutions in Academic Writing Learning","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"English Language Teaching","topic":"Foreign Language Teaching Methods","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Academic writing; Psychology; Literal and figurative language; Mathematics education; Face (sociological concept); Arabic; English for academic purposes; Professional writing; Academic year; Linguistics; Pedagogy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008757717,0.0001768768,0.0002374717,0.0005059914,0.001499403,0.000146333,0.0004510008,0.0001892787,0.00007134317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01005304,0.0002046831,0.00006553402,0.0005952526,0.0002236569,0.0004483919,0.0002605011,0.002243611,0.00003259102],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004032991,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004767997,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005682922,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002050802,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9953189,0.002832609,0.0001972682,0.0004693867,0.0005214894,0.0006603597],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985024,0.001037104,0.00009423318,0.0001962424,0.00002840941,0.0001415737],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009629089,0.00003350934,0.03560762,0.000009813817,0.00001505213,0.00006623046,0.932524,0.0002058076,0.0003583845,0.01869498,0.0001051917,0.01236983],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003462365,0.00002636929,0.007470892,0.0001557337,0.00001270497,9.98781e-7,0.9838914,0.0001113329,0.000006781801,0.0001929381,0.007541413,0.0002432165],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9564539,0.0009511898,0.0002336612,0.0003562149,0.0001479076,0.0002051955,0.000004122738,0.0009847747,0.04066302],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894839,0.0002643759,0.002811633,0.00003200087,0.0006320854,0.000003202922,0.00001276733,0.00003003284,0.006730014],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05136742,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998005,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03818257069945457,"score_gpt":0.3859343729169712,"score_spread":0.3477518022175167,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}