{"id":"W4384158808","doi":"10.1109/i2mtc53148.2023.10175960","title":"Acquiring Photoplethysmography (PPG) Signal Without LED","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Photoplethysmogram; Photodiode; Wearable computer; SIGNAL (programming language); Computer science; Microprocessor; Context (archaeology); Battery (electricity); Light-emitting diode; Wearable technology; Power (physics); Real-time computing; Electronic engineering; Artificial intelligence; Embedded system; Electrical engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Wireless; Telecommunications; Optoelectronics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001387024,0.0001999496,0.0001820376,0.0002905536,0.00007589526,0.00006272602,0.0001910413,0.00007436587,0.0002235164],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001283098,0.0001998042,0.0001085152,0.0008792292,0.00003256111,0.0001949568,0.00006751474,0.0001531739,0.00077278],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004105467,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008006865,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002052341,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009847463,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988995,0.00001351361,0.0001867733,0.0002092666,0.0002281041,0.0004628158],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995523,0.00008507483,0.00001468227,0.0002024977,0.00002707355,0.0001183517],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004338829,0.00000724814,0.04609115,0.0000622338,0.00006993615,0.00003640006,0.0001686875,0.004258942,0.9448375,0.0001927273,0.00189145,0.002379444],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000563329,0.00004154985,0.009397695,0.00007297206,0.00002041247,0.000007765675,0.0002654283,0.004213137,0.9816236,0.0009060257,0.002289011,0.0005990809],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9598734,0.00009859529,0.008791929,0.00002568235,0.0009151032,0.0002115738,0.000003619815,0.003813633,0.02626643],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979951,0.00002869986,0.001089925,0.00002448982,0.0003151455,0.00005007961,0.000006019491,0.00007556863,0.0004149063],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03812173,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9932782,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01195404855148443,"score_gpt":0.225521648152278,"score_spread":0.2135675996007936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}