{"id":"W4384470649","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.06.336","title":"Spherically expanding flame simulations using Cantera coupled to an unsteady Lagrangian formulation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","topic":"Combustion and Detonation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Flame speed; Deflagration; Laminar flame speed; Detonation; Laminar flow; Mechanics; Premixed flame; Combustion; Acceleration; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Chemistry; Explosive material; Physical chemistry; Physics; Classical mechanics; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004266739,0.0009842832,0.001355675,0.0007756364,0.001617869,0.001424673,0.002366616,0.001805892,0.00756264],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001643758,0.0007161754,0.00101453,0.0008560597,0.001106087,0.0009646579,0.001331849,0.002035263,0.000507592],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001508974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002646422,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04919578,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03606679,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997416,0.00006235421,0.00001247671,0.0000312016,0.00007706616,0.00007517489],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990007,0.0003855806,0.00009538677,0.0000928098,0.0002497274,0.0001757861],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001167601,0.0001174632,0.0008096771,0.00003869801,0.00002892069,0.00009466797,0.00005288917,0.9901337,0.001655299,0.004839137,0.0005133637,0.001599523],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003483186,0.00001963967,0.0001140421,0.000002731267,0.000002877596,0.000003947364,0.00000967576,0.9990109,0.0003690285,0.0002508248,0.0001744439,0.000007023855],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8585787,0.000450001,0.06801768,0.0008228017,0.0005493611,0.0003134746,0.001939423,0.001878811,0.06744984],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9577927,0.0001356946,0.0333424,0.0001662976,0.00007870625,0.0002319973,0.0009546145,0.0003528243,0.00694478],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04919578,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09781885,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0216499901370153,"score_gpt":0.29257221509514,"score_spread":0.2709222249581247,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}