{"id":"W4384663829","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2023.0203","title":"Keep numbers in view: red-eared sliders ( <i>Trachemys scripta elegans</i> ) learn to discriminate relative quantities","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biology Letters","topic":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Trait; Stimulus (psychology); Relative phase; Zoology; Ecology; Cognitive psychology; Psychology; Phase (matter)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006915617,0.0002895961,0.000478089,0.0002825119,0.0001099563,0.00003312189,0.0002744462,0.0001403844,0.0001435958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001448677,0.0002539151,0.0001220624,0.0005992762,0.0002090182,0.0001776888,0.0002024179,0.000306115,0.000950756],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001238318,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002572195,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008673655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001775702,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979061,0.0002073757,0.0005001149,0.0004907545,0.0001859877,0.0007096896],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986926,0.0007815442,0.0000993902,0.0002459613,0.00004250003,0.0001379455],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004710678,0.000719703,0.02753935,0.0007898594,0.0006619183,0.0009387368,0.03141012,0.000007964398,0.1422287,0.2044968,0.575725,0.01501086],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003626575,0.0003937875,0.02500927,0.001100775,0.0001499621,0.00004321034,0.01107415,0.0001129854,0.02061222,0.886152,0.04939574,0.002329329],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.95344,0.00005408567,0.002625016,0.02996504,0.0005935875,0.0007500985,0.00003462535,0.0003778651,0.0121597],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.977279,0.00005508816,0.009338287,0.009004772,0.00009391686,0.0001577548,0.00007875588,0.00007680959,0.003915621],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6816552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999913,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05052272773200058,"score_gpt":0.321831006504758,"score_spread":0.2713082787727574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}