{"id":"W4384936923","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2023.103295","title":"Impact of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles addition in Eichhornia Crassipes biodiesel used to fuel compression ignition engine at variable injection pressure","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","topic":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Prince Edward Island","funders":"Deanship of Scientific Research, King Khalid University","keywords":"Biodiesel; Materials science; Thermal efficiency; Diesel fuel; Combustion; Diesel engine; Waste management; Brake specific fuel consumption; Titanium dioxide; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Automotive engineering; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002093168,0.0002086427,0.0002766385,0.000396323,0.00006470161,0.00001098694,0.0000711865,0.00008455326,0.00003863446],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001135868,0.0002044894,0.00005463374,0.001081002,0.00003692761,0.0001712221,0.00008427468,0.0001709376,0.00003320936],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002474119,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007518511,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004991869,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006523888,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989731,0.0000205099,0.0003498956,0.0002259601,0.0001200699,0.0003104942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995454,0.00008603348,0.00003593856,0.0002050934,0.00006681794,0.00006070851],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001315921,0.00002418347,0.0003845056,0.0002137222,0.00006779447,0.00002668702,0.0009792176,0.6197255,0.3777415,0.00002181618,0.0005570063,0.00024496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002725518,0.0004045086,0.09734726,0.001368539,0.0001541979,0.0004925888,0.003384953,0.5403311,0.3495435,0.0001661021,0.002494479,0.001587262],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972741,0.000750119,0.0005336843,0.00002793846,0.0003435181,0.0003516614,0.0001451254,0.0004494931,0.0001243704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998929,0.0001133275,0.0005066278,0.000003156229,0.00009458778,0.00023676,0.00003798318,0.00003514784,0.00004335695],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09696275,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8338835,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03464360196954581,"score_gpt":0.2906753241990665,"score_spread":0.2560317222295207,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}