{"id":"W4385061661","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4507114","title":"Trading AI: Machine Knowledge Capital and the Trading System","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; Centre for International Governance Innovation; Balsillie School of International Affairs; Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Business; Algorithmic trading; High-frequency trading; Computer science; Commerce; Industrial organization; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002627544,0.0001144363,0.0001636009,0.0001685888,0.0006828884,0.0001246945,0.000798114,0.00007609864,0.000001144982],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001948878,0.00007763407,0.00007219522,0.0006160053,0.0001171958,0.0001473144,0.0001242481,0.001512296,0.00002013601],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002608992,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003203845,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002038781,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001266739,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982357,0.0000996762,0.0002084853,0.0002180578,0.0001194439,0.001118647],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994391,0.0001192386,0.00008121381,0.0002771709,0.00003187083,0.0000514534],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003645398,0.000009535463,0.00008101678,0.00000535459,0.00003899947,0.000002713896,0.001112269,0.000001480367,0.0000499258,0.9775893,0.00009113277,0.02101459],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009921839,0.00006437388,0.0001810045,0.00001781891,0.00001786025,0.002108673,0.001883258,0.351232,0.00005915231,0.6426154,0.0006919861,0.0001362191],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5501531,0.01549206,0.4149854,0.01629679,0.0003876878,0.0003470545,0.000001812969,0.000859326,0.001476763],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987777,0.000747774,0.0001379289,0.00004131317,0.00009699605,0.00001983553,5.163284e-7,0.000009137259,0.0001687997],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4486246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6570256,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006702492458266271,"score_gpt":0.2274522717544377,"score_spread":0.2207497792961715,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}