{"id":"W4385145728","doi":"10.1177/15553434231189375","title":"The Failure to Grasp Automation Failure","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making","topic":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","field":"Psychology","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Automation; GRASP; Computer science; Construct (python library); Aviation; Confusion; Risk analysis (engineering); Engineering; Software engineering; Psychology; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006985384,0.00009955878,0.0001428216,0.0003991982,0.0001775628,0.0001323744,0.00009841431,0.00005859134,0.0001897859],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001087031,0.00007029554,0.00007853837,0.0003806399,0.00001233904,0.0001432543,0.00003265589,0.0002473485,0.0002519031],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002397918,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001279821,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":3.829547e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003571018,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990057,0.00004133422,0.0004140165,0.0001042244,0.000271521,0.0001631601],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974403,0.001939917,0.0001723633,0.00007957761,0.000285766,0.00008201857],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004393661,0.00004184749,0.0006374912,0.0000178386,0.0002703967,0.0001678504,0.008221732,0.01099034,0.0007711282,0.009699371,0.08822776,0.8805149],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003407847,0.0007026006,0.6082969,0.003605541,0.0001278898,0.001573376,0.02219525,0.06908286,0.0001683967,0.006584377,0.2835185,0.0007364107],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6990452,0.0001376462,0.2963525,0.001284552,0.001973984,0.0001323215,0.000004962829,0.0001375076,0.0009313587],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976124,0.0000136287,0.001782482,0.0001295797,0.0002455322,0.000006665373,9.828813e-7,0.0000151628,0.0001935604],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8797784,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3237788,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01836648249610327,"score_gpt":0.3559266117424469,"score_spread":0.3375601292463436,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}