{"id":"W4385199884","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4519619","title":"Linked Samples and Measurement Error in Historical Us Census Data","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Census and Population Estimation","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia Hospital; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Census; Statistics; Observational error; Geography; Econometrics; Computer science; Mathematics; Sociology; Demography; Population","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005340697,0.0002584373,0.0004421946,0.0002527037,0.0001230418,0.00006882279,0.0004730701,0.0002590984,0.000008763775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001307656,0.0002408585,0.0000753132,0.0001251142,0.00001870982,0.00008922497,0.0004896515,0.003182054,0.000005769723],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005709526,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001595294,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009757244,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01678271,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967629,0.0001808561,0.0007449343,0.0004408802,0.0006717583,0.001198696],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985092,0.000150738,0.0004702245,0.0006204996,0.0001601436,0.00008917512],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006659171,0.001482501,0.1471915,0.002235828,0.002093815,0.0001339315,0.002796475,0.003733824,0.0002387581,0.6537098,0.03722728,0.1484904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006413867,0.00005602143,0.0196489,0.0002537629,0.000134513,0.0001270099,0.0001130005,0.006198663,8.757382e-7,0.9676923,0.004816661,0.0003169526],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8347035,0.02612263,0.1083669,0.02058699,0.006301288,0.002511924,0.0004242208,0.0005983409,0.000384223],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9876349,0.004810309,0.005713605,0.00002916307,0.0007743763,0.00001730909,0.0003066641,0.00009691364,0.0006167629],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3139825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991177,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3424473882514277,"score_gpt":0.3778266917295233,"score_spread":0.03537930347809559,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}