{"id":"W4385462175","doi":"10.1186/s13293-023-00533-8","title":"Sex differences in song syntax and syllable diversity in testosterone-induced songs of adult male and female canaries","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biology of Sex Differences","topic":"Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge","funders":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS","keywords":"Syllable; Testosterone (patch); Diversity (politics); Syntax; Human physiology; Psychology; Biology; Internal medicine; Linguistics; Medicine; Endocrinology; Philosophy; Sociology; Anthropology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001173793,0.0001105256,0.0002741033,0.00008574157,0.00006482119,0.000005835898,0.0001928583,0.0001648435,0.00001109248],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005892426,0.0000925302,0.0000222902,0.0001065056,0.0003782663,0.000005612332,0.000478989,0.00007752222,6.017529e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004840591,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002815624,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003306185,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004805129,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992527,0.00009700152,0.0001983516,0.0002340407,0.00005069626,0.0001671878],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996359,0.00006281042,0.00008790835,0.0001413006,0.00003377338,0.00003826072],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003896766,0.00003875413,0.8572003,0.00002907067,0.0000105248,0.000001235382,0.0005640179,4.830597e-8,0.1397699,0.00006549385,0.000005664564,0.002276099],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003465805,0.0005239329,0.9616246,0.00003519656,0.000009381184,0.000003215856,0.005555375,0.00003009969,0.03163572,0.0001099233,0.00001075881,0.0001151829],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991942,0.0003939741,0.000002190682,0.0001270821,0.00002000144,0.0001021254,0.00002729473,0.000005684596,0.0001274294],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998944,0.0007609377,0.00005077729,0.00001785477,0.00000686462,0.000008770975,0.00002384695,0.000003437886,0.000183513],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1081342,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4997984,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05949427311775596,"score_gpt":0.2832833633807573,"score_spread":0.2237890902630014,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}