{"id":"W4385521304","doi":"10.55482/jcim.2023.33524","title":"Revisiting Economic Growth and Trade Openness: An Empirical Analysis of Major Trading Nations","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Comparative International Management","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Openness to experience; Foreign direct investment; Economics; Causality (physics); Granger causality; Productivity; Investment (military); International economics; International trade; Macroeconomics; Econometrics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009392831,0.0002827206,0.0003104012,0.002712455,0.0006399287,0.001872778,0.0002499924,0.00026995,0.002042547],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002246253,0.000124749,0.0006423937,0.004283979,0.0006621529,0.001771703,0.001438955,0.000712169,0.0002731708],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005211261,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005444122,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009047249,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01160996,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996634,0.00008145018,0.00003208226,0.00006061147,0.00005532755,0.0001071935],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975258,0.0009068609,0.0009441641,0.0001197397,0.0002258841,0.0002774784],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000915669,0.00005587043,0.9830698,0.0000567953,0.0001038088,0.000896494,0.001299112,0.001895035,0.0002626414,0.002085121,0.0008189727,0.00936495],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000501766,0.00005291668,0.984189,0.0001052041,0.00005608616,0.0003989395,0.006430809,0.002831732,0.0002284548,0.0009592667,0.004730871,0.00001168942],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944198,0.0009030402,0.0001927676,0.0001747336,0.00001231046,0.00000757142,0.0005064911,0.000005199926,0.003778122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997929,0.0004942347,0.0001047537,0.00002072948,0.00001265495,0.000007162756,0.0008721589,0.000004468445,0.0005548875],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009047249,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01798916,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1300053468705464,"score_gpt":0.3355713055863777,"score_spread":0.2055659587158312,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}