{"id":"W4385622986","doi":"10.4018/ijthi.327789","title":"Behaviour and Bot Analysis on Online Social Networks","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction","topic":"Spam and Phishing Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"National Institute for Materials Science; Dalhousie University; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Exploit; Mainstream; Internet privacy; Multitude; Computer science; Social media; World Wide Web; The Internet; Social network (sociolinguistics); Computer security; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000156696,0.0000636632,0.0001174716,0.001788112,0.0001314745,0.0001070848,0.0002774222,0.00009897607,0.00001006507],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002849867,0.00005903717,0.00006582731,0.0004923391,0.00004419257,0.0003195705,0.00009422374,0.0003320406,0.000002465563],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004053401,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005716543,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001434762,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003740162,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994089,0.00001960812,0.0002173013,0.0001239219,0.0001557378,0.00007450978],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994814,0.00003815839,0.0002367613,0.00006326478,0.0001587075,0.00002172613],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000381542,0.0006440043,0.2269319,0.000009890898,0.003682237,0.0005215819,0.002028663,0.003366342,0.005344708,0.3028015,0.006007737,0.4482799],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00119057,0.0009798969,0.9091309,0.00009543695,0.0002831614,0.0007480909,0.0005212461,0.04751859,0.001451571,0.0329264,0.004853639,0.0003004421],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9757189,0.0000214492,0.01834069,0.004757851,0.000992014,0.00001830595,0.000001705975,0.00008020957,0.00006887416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992114,0.00004290897,0.000279903,0.0001027639,0.000273092,0.000001101679,0.000004881477,0.000003104909,0.00008078998],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6821991,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2407466,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0185790172281557,"score_gpt":0.3266330711605372,"score_spread":0.3080540539323816,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}