{"id":"W4385622986","doi":"10.4018/ijthi.327789","title":"Behaviour and Bot Analysis on Online Social Networks","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction","topic":"Spam and Phishing Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"National Institute for Materials Science; Dalhousie University; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Exploit; Mainstream; Internet privacy; Multitude; Computer science; Social media; World Wide Web; The Internet; Social network (sociolinguistics); Computer security; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009849506,0.0002890892,0.0003204437,0.003246252,0.0004904995,0.0005337063,0.0002908042,0.0003670781,0.001066827],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005250138,0.000141794,0.0002901703,0.001546894,0.0004227635,0.0009632793,0.0004572346,0.0003251226,0.0004623809],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006243932,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002740316,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007665073,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007224944,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990278,0.0003826762,0.00004905506,0.0001738955,0.0002529461,0.0001135186],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9957929,0.001934554,0.0009784593,0.0004756611,0.0005547225,0.0002636821],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006004229,0.0007477131,0.8389423,0.000317144,0.0002223305,0.0009143525,0.003827795,0.03005866,0.01735594,0.004542997,0.003322738,0.09914768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001312747,0.0004130793,0.5420774,0.00004652893,0.00004416734,0.0008776294,0.00207908,0.4447051,0.00421542,0.002687889,0.002796996,0.00004364033],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9930589,0.00007017847,0.004084119,0.0000656453,0.000006267023,0.00006464052,0.0004940053,0.000158874,0.00199728],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99597,0.00004450058,0.002605793,0.00001475457,0.000005830984,0.00003739335,0.0004575634,0.00001211582,0.0008521431],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007665073,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01524091,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0185790172281557,"score_gpt":0.3266330711605372,"score_spread":0.3080540539323816,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}