{"id":"W4385641553","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4533235","title":"Research And/Or Development? Financial Frictions and Innovation Investment","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Innovation Policy and R&D","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Quest University Canada; Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Investment (military); Business; Finance; Financial innovation; Financial system; Economics; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006419827,0.00036803,0.001327962,0.002158853,0.001172691,0.009248362,0.0009590892,0.00534552,0.02789306],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03694982,0.0004297589,0.0004735732,0.002943659,0.004457552,0.01032819,0.002654575,0.002577857,0.00189899],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003275289,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00311931,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003482908,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002628093,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976146,0.0006436855,0.0001965301,0.0002900449,0.0002417308,0.001013359],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9652528,0.01615012,0.01110932,0.001428271,0.001433375,0.004626267],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008677694,0.0005151097,0.04248755,0.0004351979,0.0001231501,0.0008502278,0.0007150881,0.01209537,0.0008012232,0.8635047,0.01718705,0.0604175],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002141878,0.0001794848,0.02894952,0.0003164917,0.00009713072,0.0003921688,0.001921019,0.008540049,0.0007091257,0.9206421,0.03797359,0.00006519369],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5778373,0.02496788,0.01445529,0.1639627,0.0006764352,0.0001431368,0.001237579,0.0003507868,0.2163689],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9897183,0.002076335,0.0003694059,0.001030608,0.0002852842,0.00001733307,0.00007222876,0.0000156838,0.006414765],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02789306,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09331161,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1061395596356676,"score_gpt":0.3202254603626719,"score_spread":0.2140859007270042,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}