{"id":"W4385725197","doi":"10.1029/2023wr034920","title":"On Groundwater Recharge in Variably Saturated Subsurface Flow Models","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Groundwater flow and contamination studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Groundwater recharge; Water table; Depression-focused recharge; Evapotranspiration; Groundwater; Vadose zone; Subsurface flow; Groundwater model; Capillary fringe; Hydrology (agriculture); Groundwater flow; Geology; Environmental science; Aquifer; Geotechnical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002481204,0.0001916759,0.0002081589,0.0003567498,0.0003825473,0.0001780571,0.0004871213,0.0001195648,0.001473815],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004195604,0.0001265863,0.00004890961,0.001126086,0.0002174392,0.0003076834,0.0007216232,0.0004994505,0.0116788],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002878102,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004338609,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001553608,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004219866,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963405,0.0005053045,0.0002801365,0.000614662,0.001165858,0.001093595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992512,0.0001751271,0.00001663265,0.0004044234,0.00003682002,0.0001157502],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001960906,0.001590106,0.0676982,0.000201819,0.0002280168,0.001491987,0.2036474,0.2540803,0.2595806,0.001639197,0.1145103,0.09337103],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00384777,0.001002662,0.08396731,0.000188685,0.00001442032,0.00001683149,0.003741164,0.3176939,0.06180795,0.0285388,0.4975747,0.001605713],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9860477,0.00001503019,0.0002115997,0.001296431,0.00009006671,0.0003567047,0.000005517072,0.0001329214,0.01184403],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9346199,0.0000250164,0.00006417026,0.0001064556,0.00003147518,0.000121951,0.00003793385,0.00003079453,0.06496232],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3830644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999439,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06521600718816208,"score_gpt":0.3040345273645984,"score_spread":0.2388185201764363,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}