{"id":"W4385864759","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2023.117252","title":"Natural biomass &amp; waste biomass fibers – Structures, environmental footprints, sustainability, degumming methods, &amp; surface modifications","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial Crops and Products","topic":"Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"University of Manitoba","keywords":"Environmentally friendly; Biomass (ecology); Fiber; Renewable energy; Natural fiber; Environmental science; Lignocellulosic biomass; Renewable resource; Materials science; Biogas; Pulp and paper industry; Biofuel; Process engineering; Waste management; Composite material; Engineering; Agronomy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001388004,0.0003196342,0.0001161939,0.0004616954,0.0001871227,0.0002923576,0.000125184,0.0002758124,0.002741783],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001371514,0.000111602,0.0001122061,0.0003549473,0.0002204569,0.0004889488,0.0002076666,0.0004106626,0.0006436841],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002263959,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001016425,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004085828,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001295924,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999897,0.00001118369,0.000003814231,0.00002053318,0.00005566432,0.00001176666],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999319,0.00001494889,0.00001996706,0.000008641568,0.00001652376,0.000007917986],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001022629,0.0001131442,0.001176587,0.0006054969,0.00001426179,0.0002399488,0.00007660905,0.002325953,0.8766787,0.00878006,0.0012427,0.1086443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004176513,0.0002780131,0.006012359,0.00007655678,0.00001387695,0.0008187127,0.0001348499,0.002730373,0.9365795,0.002223293,0.05111111,0.00001731903],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8786239,0.0426829,0.02581475,0.0006893638,0.0002779142,0.00005416699,0.000407775,0.0001854736,0.05126376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9489646,0.01158248,0.01295233,0.0001146225,0.00007855953,0.00002936034,0.0002128798,0.00004971343,0.02601554],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002741783,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009172201,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05523395551063483,"score_gpt":0.3149724458260156,"score_spread":0.2597384903153808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}