{"id":"W4385917920","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2023-0064","title":"Combined settlement and clogging in drainage sand layer for suspended solids, colloids and inorganic salts","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","topic":"Landfill Environmental Impact Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Clogging; Leachate; Drainage; Colloid; Hydraulic conductivity; Sedimentation; Sulfate; Filtration (mathematics); Chloride; Suspended solids; Geology; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Mineralogy; Geotechnical engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Environmental chemistry; Soil science; Wastewater; Sediment; Metallurgy; Soil water","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003340426,0.0001161428,0.0001843064,0.0001609452,0.00008688974,0.00003481733,0.0000811564,0.00003542618,0.0001458605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008694201,0.0001108034,0.00002311313,0.0001882946,0.00005871956,0.0001538438,0.00005619628,0.0001078862,0.000003873155],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002945119,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002638495,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005062057,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02625829,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992118,0.000009895537,0.0002076819,0.0001120191,0.0001036462,0.000354881],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995002,0.00007164507,0.00005116862,0.00006182626,0.00000317579,0.000312009],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006639562,0.0000349927,0.8252265,0.000219313,0.0001910085,0.000621303,0.009388032,0.05520584,0.08946866,0.0002399244,0.01694521,0.002392849],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003523452,0.0003647633,0.9742674,0.0001682552,0.00004529482,0.0001240693,0.0005981314,0.009150999,0.003504085,0.0009656569,0.006809553,0.0004782894],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971946,0.0002571188,0.0001590608,0.0007806928,0.0001759727,0.0002206747,0.00002726931,0.00001153597,0.001173074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996052,0.00006723749,0.000123219,0.00007767316,0.00002718251,0.00000480455,0.000002468813,0.00001912216,0.00007305534],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.149041,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99151,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00945039828611933,"score_gpt":0.2038242779881209,"score_spread":0.1943738797020016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}