{"id":"W4385977576","doi":"10.1109/thms.2023.3298309","title":"Gamification of Driver Distraction Feedback: A Simulator Study With Younger Drivers","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems","topic":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","field":"Psychology","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Toyota Collaborative Safety Research Center","keywords":"Distraction; Driving simulator; SAFER; Simulation; Human–computer interaction; Computer science; Distracted driving; Visual feedback; Video feedback; Psychology; Cognitive psychology; Computer security; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004004778,0.0003067089,0.0004075003,0.0006686669,0.0004476955,0.0000622681,0.0002104835,0.0001421419,0.001895344],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004809265,0.0002713618,0.0001662061,0.0007053057,0.00009700248,0.0003591698,0.000001486521,0.000413232,0.001364688],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001674056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002990784,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001145954,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004136622,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974653,0.0003741811,0.0007706959,0.0005434746,0.0005493037,0.000297042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983209,0.0002197006,0.0004064495,0.0007070379,0.0002267837,0.0001191548],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004039478,0.01697382,0.01670802,0.0006560403,0.005849511,0.0002236974,0.08096072,0.8099429,0.03219347,0.01230668,0.009870833,0.01027485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02407301,0.009632384,0.7317673,0.0008004383,0.001649318,0.000238319,0.1156994,0.08497798,0.002815791,0.00008312854,0.02500106,0.003261889],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9325299,0.00001233953,0.0570082,0.00009273936,0.003403123,0.001559762,0.0001897893,0.0007825101,0.004421605],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9891921,0.000003617116,0.000008486411,0.0000208737,0.00009644291,0.0003039505,0.00006041837,0.0000614386,0.01025266],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7249649,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999738,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0454609942191945,"score_gpt":0.3688490174998084,"score_spread":0.3233880232806139,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}