{"id":"W4386050386","doi":"10.5430/wjel.v13n7p508","title":"The Effectiveness of Scratch Coding Activities in English Language Learning","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"World Journal of English Language","topic":"Technology-Enhanced Education Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Scratch; Coding (social sciences); Mathematics education; Class (philosophy); Reading comprehension; Computational thinking; Computer science; Comprehension; English language; Psychology; Pedagogy; Reading (process); Linguistics; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Programming language","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005088982,0.000102272,0.0002973941,0.0004904375,0.0003432909,0.00006195946,0.0003762902,0.00006470027,0.00002702003],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01452996,0.00008159953,0.00009832671,0.001593441,0.0003302844,0.0002771822,0.00008092442,0.0005948762,0.000002867432],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002040319,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001683414,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002628644,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003062542,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981276,0.0006958329,0.0003459372,0.0001142743,0.0003795295,0.0003367921],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9956697,0.003436666,0.0003434574,0.0001352463,0.0003686992,0.00004620635],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001216803,0.00005200464,0.03304126,0.00007256865,0.00009643228,0.00005636468,0.9352441,0.0002223578,0.005986772,0.006802241,0.002348859,0.01595539],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004351037,0.0000418774,0.01774905,0.0003285822,0.00001640642,4.336543e-7,0.9548799,0.000002512387,0.008700372,0.0003295142,0.01739543,0.0001208143],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9761544,0.001727195,0.000009332344,0.0001440317,0.001656623,0.0001285736,0.000002105243,0.0002197866,0.01995799],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996078,0.0004459931,0.00005392397,0.00001080282,0.000685278,0.00001153473,8.823242e-7,0.000014042,0.002699547],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01992363,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9937711,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01173166919300197,"score_gpt":0.3167041011071772,"score_spread":0.3049724319141753,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}