{"id":"W4386084036","doi":"10.1002/path.6155","title":"Pitfalls in machine learning‐based assessment of tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer: A report of the International Immuno‐Oncology Biomarker Working Group on Breast Cancer","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Journal of Pathology","topic":"AI in cancer detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of British Columbia; University of Guelph; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; Health Sciences Centre; BC Cancer Agency","funders":"DOD Prostate Cancer Research Program; National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Gilead Sciences; National Cancer Institute; National Institutes of Health; KU Leuven; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Irish Cancer Society; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Science Foundation Ireland; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre; U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs; National Breast Cancer Foundation; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Cancer Research Institute; National Health and Medical Research Council; European Commission; Svenska Sällskapet för Medicinsk Forskning; Cancer Research UK; Breast Cancer Now; Higher Education Authority; U.S. Department of Defense; DOD Peer Reviewed Cancer Research Program; Breast Cancer Research Foundation; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences; Medical Research Council; Mayo Clinic","keywords":"Breast cancer; Oncology; Medicine; Internal medicine; Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes; Biomarker; Cancer; Biology; Immunotherapy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0651655,0.0008548701,0.001168755,0.004232355,0.0005421614,0.005431679,0.002216134,0.00213433,0.001117701],"category_scores_gemma":[0.09834351,0.0006640029,0.001509658,0.002331101,0.003115535,0.003125868,0.002433917,0.002909942,0.001294279],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002057647,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001746611,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002907898,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003526194,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9708769,0.01497722,0.002473087,0.002630148,0.008571868,0.0004707988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8727586,0.09748558,0.004727107,0.004731115,0.01973496,0.000562661],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004239251,0.00005209296,0.03462137,0.003893026,0.0003367946,0.0002302853,0.001261326,0.007515862,0.006902302,0.008692442,0.03018073,0.9058899],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001805998,0.0007827029,0.1099273,0.01418839,0.001549347,0.006446396,0.002721983,0.09963068,0.08495931,0.09980451,0.5790064,0.0008023699],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0741502,0.4944784,0.320198,0.08183858,0.005461748,0.0005373288,0.00294427,0.00285161,0.01753991],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5137343,0.1466073,0.2985995,0.0241137,0.005186033,0.001002715,0.00350359,0.001655411,0.005597517],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0651655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3446323,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05381149269712966,"score_gpt":0.3746130460595623,"score_spread":0.3208015533624327,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}