{"id":"W4386100549","doi":"10.1017/9781108866477","title":"Liability for Environmental Harm to the Global Commons","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","topic":"Environmental law and policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Global commons; Commons; Harm; Liability; Causation; Business; Political science; Law and economics; Environmental law; State (computer science); Corporate governance; Variety (cybernetics); Environmental resource management; Law; Economics; Finance; Ecology; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001028814,0.0004738058,0.0003489063,0.0009311882,0.002449021,0.004164462,0.0008309912,0.003860947,0.01569918],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002677316,0.0002580167,0.0006309189,0.0009209505,0.005681221,0.003098782,0.003166757,0.00267124,0.003188534],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002048034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002778846,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005674521,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009165798,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984543,0.0002990563,0.00005353205,0.0001505042,0.0007784803,0.0002641388],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991395,0.000460144,0.00007036711,0.000125846,0.0001547072,0.00004932024],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005747387,0.00001065635,0.0004484188,0.00004876239,0.000005798853,0.0001505686,0.001133407,0.0005926165,0.0001810943,0.9293771,0.04960797,0.01843784],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006179042,0.0000239373,0.001288307,0.0003445777,0.00001412337,0.0004140243,0.001498418,0.0005506666,0.0003365124,0.3618115,0.6336905,0.00002116299],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.007216785,0.003969896,0.003477553,0.0107781,0.0006490945,0.00003264149,0.0001583944,0.00006215309,0.9736554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2962838,0.00836094,0.003370123,0.0163854,0.001353314,0.0001590928,0.000415554,0.0001385173,0.6735334],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01569918,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05251896,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02909096858084786,"score_gpt":0.2582332298514157,"score_spread":0.2291422612705679,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}