{"id":"W4386126028","doi":"10.1017/9781108894562.001","title":"Preface","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Varieties of English; Intonation (linguistics); Linguistics; Phonology; Phonetics; American English; British English; Diversity (politics); World Englishes; Variation (astronomy); History; Active listening; Stress (linguistics); Geography; Sociology; Communication; Anthropology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005527217,0.0006776025,0.0005155686,0.001587273,0.001995411,0.003066934,0.0009157389,0.0008261371,0.4703228],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003203791,0.0002945553,0.0003723573,0.001554792,0.0005458171,0.002445516,0.00159196,0.002332292,0.3111978],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001414939,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001245633,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00354414,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004976928,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995233,0.00006277984,0.00002593558,0.00008327929,0.0002641268,0.00004048468],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986119,0.0002337476,0.00005035481,0.0001255021,0.0007724158,0.0002060851],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001283762,0.00001361474,0.00007724228,0.00007825055,9.105731e-7,0.00004081082,0.0001403167,0.00004917493,0.0001019826,0.006483547,0.9537622,0.0392391],"study_design_scores_gemma":[7.821766e-7,0.000003578302,0.0001039712,0.00005163068,3.071244e-7,0.00003209731,0.00005459406,0.00001111693,0.00002402025,0.0008272912,0.9988893,0.000001438212],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0007281677,0.00479294,0.002260944,0.007321043,0.02659702,0.0001537175,0.004207862,0.000735913,0.9532024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.002408438,0.002621265,0.001016958,0.001245311,0.002778176,0.00007165354,0.002764468,0.0004046667,0.9866892],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4703228,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03756448395217831,"score_gpt":0.3539964092677569,"score_spread":0.3164319253155786,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}