{"id":"W4386158221","doi":"10.32920/23999949.v1","title":"The U.S.-Mexico Border: ‘Bad Hombres,’ A Contemporary Analysis Surrounding the Complexities of U.S. Immigration Policies Towards Mexico","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Migration, Health, Geopolitics, Historical Geography","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; York University","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Drug trafficking; Illegal immigrants; Political science; Securitization; Extant taxon; Immigration policy; Criminology; Economic history; Development economics; Political economy; Law; Sociology; History; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007450152,0.000155247,0.0001192615,0.001069959,0.01034914,0.005401744,0.0004061928,0.001403202,0.003975933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001642634,0.0001267079,0.00009804478,0.001384418,0.004308667,0.003381342,0.002080103,0.001859124,0.0001272681],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003995028,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001977423,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.09500679,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1816209,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997429,0.00009165436,0.000006141507,0.00003191319,0.00003530299,0.00009200931],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995784,0.0001689639,0.0001275258,0.00002215855,0.00004420256,0.00005872559],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001203781,0.00006137897,0.06574894,0.0002978545,0.00002224144,0.001655674,0.3802929,0.0001482344,0.0004680105,0.3848757,0.1065766,0.05973206],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009898057,0.00003592945,0.157798,0.0007977207,0.00002527639,0.0005107275,0.5113741,0.0001795411,0.000338837,0.009995497,0.3189089,0.00002561012],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7347695,0.01129528,0.0003198033,0.1177444,0.0005194411,0.0000169894,0.0004114466,0.00001985991,0.1349033],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9828106,0.00582201,0.0001731307,0.004238574,0.0002578513,0.00002060312,0.000123437,0.00001663006,0.006537218],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09500679,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1889076,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07155555587736977,"score_gpt":0.3663940929932396,"score_spread":0.2948385371158698,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}