{"id":"W4386170497","doi":"10.1016/j.actaastro.2023.08.032","title":"Statistical characterization of PIXL trace element detection limits","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Astronautica","topic":"Planetary Science and Exploration","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"California Institute of Technology; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"TRACE (psycholinguistics); Noise (video); Computer science; Trace element; SIGNAL (programming language); Data mining; Artificial intelligence; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008552353,0.0003482648,0.0004615332,0.003039124,0.0005236728,0.001948615,0.0009945575,0.000833049,0.002985654],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0300669,0.000320871,0.0007581139,0.001928576,0.0009858951,0.001132787,0.0009078848,0.0006875392,0.0006085922],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004907991,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005660264,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002407495,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001759898,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954985,0.001387242,0.0003729918,0.001339648,0.001002808,0.0003988759],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9191552,0.0666638,0.00509484,0.005201385,0.003153056,0.0007316854],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000819654,0.00009768435,0.9226934,0.0001295792,0.0005095467,0.000219732,0.0003122983,0.014345,0.01170622,0.00390567,0.001332554,0.04392864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000341972,0.0003106294,0.8449777,0.00003041226,0.0002686616,0.0008558968,0.0004132499,0.1321898,0.01141791,0.004879593,0.004557708,0.00006422845],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.942891,0.0006327246,0.04872913,0.000306037,0.0000276219,0.00002948836,0.003378656,0.0007651584,0.003240028],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941074,0.00005226779,0.002669255,0.00005426176,0.00002345682,0.00002469073,0.002525696,0.00006415255,0.0004787746],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008552353,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04522973,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01584271983108075,"score_gpt":0.2392392431561251,"score_spread":0.2233965233250443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}