{"id":"W4386172178","doi":"10.12968/s0306-3747(23)70156-5","title":"UBC researchers turn black bitumen into “green” carbon fibers","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Additives for Polymers","topic":"Fiber-reinforced polymer composites","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Asphalt; Oil sands; Carbon black; SAFER; Engineering; Fossil fuel; Carbon fibers; Product (mathematics); Environmental science; Waste management; Materials science; Composite material; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001661453,0.0003404364,0.0002916691,0.0005098205,0.0001244734,0.0000605956,0.0004108155,0.000159026,0.0002139221],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006369952,0.0003715842,0.0002007031,0.0008574208,0.0002952016,0.0002383492,0.0001106835,0.0002767247,0.000284456],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001524881,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005377669,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005594001,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007231144,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980062,0.00003841695,0.0003103796,0.0003635345,0.0003462109,0.0009352661],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986886,0.0005250635,0.00004654588,0.0004137066,0.00004212839,0.0002839319],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005910412,0.00008082368,0.0009972573,0.002049833,0.003599345,0.0001890138,0.05012973,0.0288417,0.4682167,0.003919292,0.2501147,0.1912706],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002791611,0.0006044963,0.001659369,0.0003037527,0.0001574435,0.00001086031,0.006411627,0.2253111,0.635978,0.001369092,0.1232587,0.002143929],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8805978,0.002509049,0.0003562104,0.001752221,0.0017825,0.001735269,0.0009231872,0.004423105,0.1059207],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9787326,0.0001322776,0.0004527452,0.0001392597,0.000373886,0.0002535005,0.0005950152,0.000236036,0.01908467],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1964694,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998736,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01930223367620755,"score_gpt":0.2602320107644112,"score_spread":0.2409297770882036,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}