{"id":"W4386542812","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-443-13784-6.00018-4","title":"Biomass combustion and cofiring","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Cofiring; Coal; Waste management; Boiler (water heating); Combustion; Biomass (ecology); Environmental science; Clean coal technology; Coal combustion products; Carbon fibers; Engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007161324,0.0003132291,0.000301238,0.00014763,0.00004547218,0.00003744299,0.0001474619,0.0003368077,0.00009212596],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001053827,0.0003294692,0.00007259374,0.00001694079,0.00008971125,0.00003237315,0.0001082037,0.0002523356,0.0004230868],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005496078,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001307042,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":1.11118e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001962732,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991109,0.000003642111,0.0002389294,0.0002676317,0.0001747556,0.0002041856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995048,0.00006474866,0.00005028218,0.0002347379,0.00003714266,0.0001082862],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000407275,8.918691e-7,0.000002700158,0.0007159531,0.0001079149,0.0000298872,0.00005487935,0.000001045795,0.01782709,0.00131577,0.00037191,0.9795679],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000392625,0.00002709586,0.00001336183,0.001053755,0.0001581785,0.00002571149,0.00001115879,0.0000814137,0.06125908,0.01627221,0.9196903,0.001015142],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.001460518,0.001316627,0.000005168425,0.00002514064,0.000503648,0.0001981395,0.00003319901,0.001039146,0.9954184],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02054429,0.0002857033,0.00008578051,0.00003274932,0.0001319909,0.00001481045,0.00003309232,0.0001879746,0.9786836],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9785528,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999157,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01340784998123396,"score_gpt":0.2035062395252997,"score_spread":0.1900983895440657,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}