{"id":"W4386602587","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms11092265","title":"Impact of Environmental Sub-Inhibitory Concentrations of Antibiotics, Heavy Metals, and Biocides on the Emergence of Tolerance and Effects on the Mutant Selection Window in E. coli","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microorganisms","topic":"Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"South African Medical Research Council; National Research Foundation","keywords":"Microbiology; Ampicillin; Biocide; Oxytetracycline; Benzalkonium chloride; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Biology; Population; Bacteria; Antibiotics; Chemistry; Genetics; Chromatography; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016331,0.0003197976,0.00045416,0.0001770233,0.0001868347,0.0006307773,0.0002321911,0.0004101404,0.0007521753],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004077105,0.0001699448,0.0003200349,0.0001911732,0.0002098659,0.0002435984,0.000433497,0.000518646,0.0001900794],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002282123,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002782932,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001761332,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002591348,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994253,0.0001055726,0.00008108177,0.0001137953,0.0001743542,0.00009995527],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995986,0.00008340558,0.0001056759,0.00004711418,0.0001113874,0.00005377592],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002541734,0.00009217786,0.002955136,0.00006836816,0.0000164755,0.000102693,0.00006276579,0.0001405382,0.994017,0.00003401327,0.00004890406,0.002207711],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007462521,0.002263104,0.06730417,0.00002090731,0.00004460461,0.0003315332,0.0003268549,0.0006890349,0.927612,0.0000700647,0.001305836,0.00002444912],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997788,0.0004240919,0.0005911327,0.00005490505,0.00001556855,0.00001659432,0.0002831975,0.00001486083,0.0008116631],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971656,0.0003225687,0.00110914,0.00006545229,0.000006626321,0.00002326039,0.0003258812,0.000007729383,0.0009736315],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001761332,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003502131,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01267321621562022,"score_gpt":0.2470335810057003,"score_spread":0.2343603647900801,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}