{"id":"W4386870565","doi":"10.1007/978-981-99-5239-7_10","title":"Biochar Composites for Environmental and Energy Applications","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Materials horizons","topic":"Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Global Institute for Water Security; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Biochar; Environmental remediation; Pyrolysis; Materials science; Waste management; Wastewater; Composite number; Environmental science; Composite material; Contamination; Engineering; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001503149,0.0009272145,0.0004657197,0.00113965,0.0003586824,0.001370035,0.0007197508,0.0007948864,0.02023007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001435229,0.0004150071,0.0003701481,0.001394681,0.0002479895,0.001302372,0.0006519482,0.001314468,0.009725922],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004433171,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004361225,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007134047,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002930996,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998481,0.000007661652,0.000004072877,0.00002168514,0.0001063103,0.00001218747],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999957,0.00001685593,0.000003283622,0.000005126356,0.00001316691,0.000004603263],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005154961,0.0001782932,0.00006742098,0.001521128,0.00002185241,0.0002288767,0.0001089825,0.001751692,0.1460028,0.04474366,0.07195685,0.7333669],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005214752,0.00004788989,0.000240284,0.0002136025,0.00001774415,0.0004956816,0.00004927775,0.001327528,0.05805512,0.01288341,0.9266477,0.00001661039],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00895084,0.3148983,0.06976296,0.001884543,0.004809767,0.0001249398,0.0007053374,0.00111729,0.597746],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02840872,0.1321828,0.03366506,0.0007893701,0.0008444406,0.00008626628,0.0006358299,0.0003929801,0.8029944],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02023007,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06767625,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0119863274897871,"score_gpt":0.2035404421597668,"score_spread":0.1915541146699797,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}