{"id":"W4386885189","doi":"10.1016/j.lana.2023.100599","title":"Trends and disparities in deep brain stimulation utilization in the United States: a Nationwide Inpatient Sample analysis from 1993 to 2017","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Lancet Regional Health - Americas","topic":"Neurological disorders and treatments","field":"Medicine","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Western Hospital; Université de Sherbrooke; McMaster University; University of Toronto; University Health Network","funders":"University Health Network","keywords":"Deep brain stimulation; Medicine; Logistic regression; Socioeconomic status; Cohort; Demography; Disease; Parkinson's disease; Internal medicine; Population; Environmental health","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009602522,0.0001897939,0.0003696569,0.001686888,0.0003566349,0.0006426371,0.0004576674,0.0003214852,0.00088601],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002716189,0.0002177978,0.0005029613,0.004225355,0.0002920681,0.0006425027,0.0008981088,0.0005426221,0.0001253037],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001430732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001472253,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07493346,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09740723,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99893,0.0001732959,0.0002381552,0.0001956403,0.0002410779,0.0002217798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975271,0.0002921824,0.001467223,0.00008334124,0.0003537548,0.0002764365],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002990592,0.00001946006,0.9985197,0.0000174135,0.00003979427,0.00002671875,0.00007635134,0.00007102299,0.00003784065,0.00003335479,0.0002558842,0.0008726573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002657469,0.00001838182,0.9989873,0.00001774938,0.0000171886,0.00005604745,0.0003875174,0.0002592562,0.00002928952,0.00001401155,0.0002078725,0.000002685583],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940229,0.0003588616,0.00006627867,0.0001376504,0.000006383061,0.00001468392,0.005032128,0.000004932842,0.0003560296],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955114,0.0003158956,0.00007932972,0.00006293022,0.000008915355,0.00002227998,0.003933114,0.000002427056,0.00006371928],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07493346,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1489946,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.169413571202451,"score_gpt":0.4146712006267984,"score_spread":0.2452576294243474,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}