{"id":"W4386900459","doi":"10.3917/redp.333.0453","title":"Shadow Economy in France: What Factors Matter?","year":2023,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Revue d économie politique","topic":"Taxation and Compliance Studies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Tellabs (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Humanities; Political science; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001683875,0.0003149975,0.0006990004,0.003186493,0.001135377,0.005670806,0.0004873528,0.0008890074,0.009630514],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004921055,0.0001772508,0.000833118,0.00244163,0.0008789481,0.002255199,0.001039955,0.0005292406,0.0005973681],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007220017,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00333829,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1487485,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1297786,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989606,0.0002500801,0.00004099248,0.000202635,0.0002129754,0.0003327322],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975818,0.001030923,0.0005940627,0.00009952146,0.0004796006,0.0002140666],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000203673,0.00007204332,0.8122544,0.0002689566,0.0004947837,0.0007864185,0.003418176,0.01459939,0.0007765074,0.09197518,0.007498629,0.0676518],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002941581,0.00009780297,0.9106866,0.0002069405,0.000190415,0.000177697,0.005520428,0.01625778,0.000409629,0.01614206,0.05022504,0.0000562788],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8954905,0.008178595,0.006143005,0.015711,0.0001103111,0.00007384038,0.002471607,0.0001675551,0.07165362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937778,0.001007925,0.0004763093,0.0002652642,0.00007474147,0.0000190153,0.0004784333,0.00001820538,0.003882434],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1487485,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2957653,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05126153121255535,"score_gpt":0.2477170300239982,"score_spread":0.1964554988114429,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}