{"id":"W4386981095","doi":"10.1002/fes3.503","title":"Crop models and their use in assessing crop production and food security: A review","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Food and Energy Security","topic":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Global Institute for Water Security; University of Saskatchewan; University of Calgary","funders":"Global Water Futures; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Oxford; Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"DSSAT; Food security; Agricultural engineering; Environmental science; Crop yield; Crop simulation model; Agriculture; Production (economics); Crop; Productivity; Agricultural productivity; Simulation modeling; Agronomy; Mathematics; Economics; Engineering; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001839213,0.001368911,0.001394066,0.002878026,0.000197057,0.001570484,0.001294232,0.0009295254,0.001726942],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004306479,0.000485951,0.00163749,0.003989935,0.0003493823,0.001550219,0.0006054141,0.0008915408,0.000728988],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00074021,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001690883,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006516451,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004306855,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993413,0.0001760835,0.0001117327,0.0001211287,0.0002214688,0.00002819758],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966623,0.002262556,0.0003145255,0.00009885533,0.0006171021,0.00004474832],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009369844,0.0000850734,0.004208243,0.0406067,0.0007924047,0.000184766,0.0001467874,0.02204406,0.001243432,0.009864148,0.01808803,0.9026426],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004139259,0.0002976597,0.008614355,0.03563314,0.002680446,0.0009337902,0.000323878,0.02095571,0.002795877,0.01300151,0.9145018,0.0002205384],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.001449107,0.9898953,0.005657034,0.0003534363,0.0002096697,0.00002959736,0.0003724136,0.00007132151,0.001962028],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01034084,0.9850143,0.003661688,0.0001423551,0.0001284838,0.00003349115,0.000355915,0.00002383961,0.000299146],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006516451,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01295704,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1533902473425373,"score_gpt":0.3063705428133718,"score_spread":0.1529802954708345,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}