{"id":"W4387033165","doi":"10.1038/s41467-023-41701-z","title":"Carbon intensity of global crude oil trading and market policy implications","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Global Energy and Sustainability Research","field":"Energy","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Saudi Aramco; Aramco Americas","keywords":"Crude oil; Carbon market; Intensity (physics); Natural resource economics; Business; Carbon fibers; Environmental science; Economics; Greenhouse gas; Petroleum engineering; Computer science; Biology; Geology; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008388918,0.0002948925,0.0002457277,0.0009126129,0.0001764998,0.001386208,0.0003594399,0.0006463902,0.004325719],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003463197,0.0001017007,0.0002999533,0.001701817,0.0007337512,0.001724314,0.0005649916,0.0006347797,0.0002012765],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001284312,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004914981,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01266824,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006993138,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997647,0.0000632232,0.000009669726,0.00005714949,0.00005538311,0.00004984943],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984426,0.0007641854,0.0003749406,0.00009150434,0.0002559601,0.00007089719],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008814006,0.0002045992,0.2127745,0.000421583,0.0004120243,0.0009686886,0.0002410625,0.6104639,0.02189484,0.08918873,0.00835341,0.05419522],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005412894,0.000143458,0.3777225,0.0001575826,0.0001323094,0.0002367171,0.001893431,0.4573463,0.0167111,0.1291829,0.01625689,0.0001625986],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9642273,0.0009691894,0.004342168,0.0050067,0.0000628714,0.00001323199,0.00239508,0.00009659197,0.02288681],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991432,0.0001448316,0.00016349,0.00007567937,0.00001229442,0.000001995843,0.0001892514,0.00001244857,0.0002566527],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01266824,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02518904,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02448635335681699,"score_gpt":0.3461253903217857,"score_spread":0.3216390369649687,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}