{"id":"W4387083361","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2023.112044","title":"Experimental performance of a full-scale solar thermal system designed to meet residential heating demands with passive solar energy","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Solar Energy","topic":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Overheating (electricity); Passive solar building design; Thermal energy storage; Environmental science; Solar energy; Storage heater; Thermal; Photovoltaic system; Solar gain; Nuclear engineering; Solar air conditioning; Zero-energy building; Solar water heating; Heat pump; Passive house; Heating system; Meteorology; Automotive engineering; Efficient energy use; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Heat exchanger; Thermodynamics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002088691,0.000464971,0.0004341434,0.0001825327,0.0006334785,0.0002951268,0.000590765,0.000505248,0.003943889],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003401646,0.0001945125,0.000343384,0.0001749974,0.0003651797,0.0003541533,0.0002111619,0.0003198351,0.0005171006],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003905177,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003009335,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002639666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003584742,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998005,0.00003473037,0.00001086165,0.00006110992,0.00005173794,0.00004107667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997453,0.00007114897,0.00002352544,0.00003780618,0.00008858602,0.00003370813],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003473501,0.001104004,0.004312028,0.0003337544,0.00008088959,0.0002081342,0.000218999,0.04721728,0.9284419,0.000220923,0.00114156,0.01324691],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006105085,0.008354966,0.03232056,0.00001877592,0.000137788,0.0001541362,0.0003679826,0.1396347,0.8159063,0.000160539,0.002268519,0.00006533146],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955934,0.00002946751,0.002451114,0.00003085445,0.00002361388,0.00003511213,0.0002689881,0.0001693186,0.001398124],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986461,0.000009941413,0.0006041442,0.000005135705,0.000002227863,0.00001790943,0.00006004961,0.00001191353,0.0006426487],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003943889,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01319361,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004671670462631357,"score_gpt":0.1837287083621434,"score_spread":0.179057037899512,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}