{"id":"W4387105499","doi":"10.1017/wsc.2023.52","title":"Characterization of MCPA resistance in Palmer amaranth (<i>Amaranthus palmeri</i>)","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Weed Science","topic":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"MCPA; Population; Biology; Herbicide resistance; Agronomy; Botany; Horticulture; Weed; Weed control","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004869738,0.00008124494,0.0001398032,0.00005345423,0.0001866301,0.00003211248,0.0004055655,0.00003739625,0.0001396822],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005210522,0.0000363111,0.00003581514,0.002531529,0.0002733019,0.0001916669,0.00005523044,0.00006369122,0.0001073069],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001516831,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001794754,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001116585,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001511217,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998855,0.00002059069,0.0002381717,0.0002979655,0.000300716,0.0002875619],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995925,0.0000799659,0.00009874258,0.00008814532,0.00007986683,0.00006071067],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001292308,0.00001742004,0.0009693598,0.000002736211,7.464931e-7,0.000001070238,0.00008298243,0.00000138198,0.9867295,0.003501844,0.00001592989,0.00866409],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009759342,0.00002346176,0.9735367,0.00001817495,0.000002215354,3.257218e-7,0.00005038841,0.0001649206,0.01951611,0.0008023605,0.0056948,0.00009295657],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9936314,0.00003077142,0.000006443859,0.001825159,0.00005911475,0.0002232943,0.00003065785,0.00006260786,0.004130501],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991222,0.000008606681,0.00004107163,0.0001130537,0.00004419432,0.0000532961,0.00002178905,6.615354e-7,0.0005951526],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9725673,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1687949,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01465252838740567,"score_gpt":0.2243267255554687,"score_spread":0.2096741971680631,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}