{"id":"W4387111068","doi":"10.1093/mnras/stad2909","title":"Follow-up analyses to the O3 LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA lensing searches","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","topic":"Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"European Social Fund; Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo; Great Southern Development Commission, Government of Western Australia; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute; National Science and Technology Council; European Regional Development Fund; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; ICTP South American Institute for Fundamental Research; Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea; Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal; National Research Foundation; Vlaamse regering; Villum Fonden; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; University Grants Commission; Universitat de les Illes Balears; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan; Division of Human Resource Development; Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute; Hungarian Scientific Research Fund; Generalitat de Catalunya; Generalitat Valenciana; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; U.S. Department of Energy; National Research Foundation of Korea; Scottish Universities Physics Alliance; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Science and Technology Facilities Council; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India; Cardiff University; Academia Sinica; Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics; Leverhulme Trust; European Commission; Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS; Russian Foundation for Basic Research; Centres de Recerca de Catalunya; Institut des Origines de Lyon; Russian Science Foundation; Scottish Funding Council; Barcelona Supercomputing Center; Ministry of Education, India; Universidad de Málaga; Science and Engineering Research Board; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Physics; Gravitational microlensing; LIGO; Gravitational lens; Astrophysics; Distortion (music); Gravitational wave; Lens (geology); Detector; Astronomy; Strong gravitational lensing; Optics; Stars; Galaxy; Redshift; Amplifier","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00227426,0.0003223757,0.0003458396,0.002877386,0.0009603698,0.001421438,0.0005850421,0.0005179886,0.003810079],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007261761,0.0001343796,0.0009962821,0.002717243,0.0005462395,0.0008156504,0.001244364,0.0008663062,0.0008038167],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006670961,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004630125,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007427965,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009321278,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991562,0.0002143928,0.00004518541,0.0001498701,0.0001835618,0.0002508244],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9889755,0.006675778,0.001675445,0.0009414374,0.0009181288,0.0008137355],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001629274,0.0002832429,0.9045049,0.0001106549,0.0003930187,0.001990069,0.001821958,0.002718826,0.01490111,0.007361504,0.002596105,0.06168934],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004372295,0.0002894935,0.9742322,0.0000270853,0.0001623817,0.0005910991,0.001066571,0.00845642,0.005354379,0.003066546,0.006677519,0.00003257553],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.98872,0.0002155336,0.002659695,0.0002233003,0.00001479582,0.00004134786,0.0005658016,0.00004772258,0.007511759],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99642,0.00008007344,0.001257342,0.00009479981,0.0000192937,0.00001630621,0.0008402015,0.00002796231,0.001244053],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007427965,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01476943,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04136670357167525,"score_gpt":0.3354800726976737,"score_spread":0.2941133691259984,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). 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