{"id":"W4387157509","doi":"10.1097/prs.0000000000011099","title":"Predicting Persistent Opioid Use after Hand Surgery: A Machine Learning Approach","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery","topic":"Opioid Use Disorder Treatment","field":"Medicine","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Learning Partnership","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Opioid; Machine learning; Artificial intelligence; Physical medicine and rehabilitation; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005045851,0.0004521345,0.0009627146,0.0008790331,0.0002887734,0.0001241695,0.00006045053,0.0001658759,0.0002661325],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003548745,0.0004062447,0.0006972441,0.0008756554,0.0002933332,0.0002763585,0.0001067492,0.0005009922,0.0002146025],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000225132,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004098589,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001786105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001299625,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970786,0.0001893565,0.0006357728,0.000788633,0.0005113316,0.0007962937],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9928067,0.006104203,0.0002286131,0.0003478895,0.0001781981,0.0003344443],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005704541,0.0001857601,0.9894299,0.0003359595,0.0006433032,0.0002862102,0.001203043,0.0001481331,0.0001115049,0.000004837172,0.0003603045,0.006720573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001094656,0.0001531821,0.9711852,0.0008870647,0.0007717999,0.0008592829,0.002937413,0.01983582,0.000355994,0.00002809604,0.001234861,0.0006566104],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962571,0.0006895614,0.000154052,0.00007124575,0.001394967,0.0004758911,0.0001347943,0.0004328131,0.0003895729],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973017,0.0002784713,0.0005549333,0.0000448653,0.0002100126,0.0002847105,0.0005798558,0.00009967475,0.0006457708],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01968769,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998389,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02784286812826375,"score_gpt":0.2319155107318214,"score_spread":0.2040726426035577,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}