{"id":"W4387242292","doi":"10.5539/elt.v16n10p87","title":"Pedagogical and Ethical Implications of Artificial Intelligence in EFL Context: A Review Study","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"English Language Teaching","topic":"Online Learning and Analytics","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Dehumanization; Conversation; Personalization; Engineering ethics; Pedagogy; Sociology; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003151946,0.0002594161,0.001299976,0.0002543853,0.00007958587,0.00009140871,0.0008985871,0.0002366945,0.000005849392],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004686931,0.000208644,0.0001939107,0.0006659331,0.00004912155,0.00006538418,0.000493478,0.002798639,0.00001491425],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000398676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001313857,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000866901,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000116125,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968763,0.00110149,0.0009562448,0.0005632492,0.0002595127,0.000243222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976707,0.001206892,0.0003265898,0.0006683288,0.00004382246,0.00008364721],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[2.107288e-7,0.00008764459,0.000007936938,0.005157644,0.00002208441,0.00003383995,0.02032631,0.000001390266,5.345752e-8,0.02794145,0.00001902132,0.9464024],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004555853,0.001203015,0.00007764033,0.3398452,0.002321174,0.0001652271,0.08634352,0.006023716,6.902021e-7,0.007214922,0.5526546,0.003694748],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00008772665,0.9924847,0.005864248,0.0004923755,0.0001043451,0.000610782,0.000009721073,0.0001955024,0.0001505898],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.002181464,0.9953684,0.001878221,0.0001533755,0.0002147511,0.00005316216,0.00001941177,0.00002823814,0.0001029911],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9427077,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995019,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1464173118544312,"score_gpt":0.4686670650065944,"score_spread":0.3222497531521632,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}