{"id":"W4387397888","doi":"10.1353/nin.2023.a903327","title":"Intentional Balk: Baseball's Thin Line Between Innovation and Cheating by Daniel R. Levitt &amp; Mark Armour (review)","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nine","topic":"American Sports and Literature","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Armour; Adversary; Sociology; League; Law; Management; Law and economics; Psychology; Political science; Computer science; Social psychology; Economics; Computer security","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003689653,0.0001323326,0.0002165319,0.00008921266,0.0001756985,0.00007339272,0.0000710153,0.00003454008,0.01877348],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007401648,0.0001056149,0.00003663486,0.0001988166,0.00009655423,0.0001451366,0.00005123415,0.0001910386,0.00004720597],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001211378,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001668447,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006222928,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002251119,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991173,0.00002203538,0.0003195555,0.0001977603,0.0001785174,0.0001648781],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995102,0.00004389861,0.0001375108,0.0001160184,0.0001538745,0.00003853856],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004111021,0.00001565493,0.001413833,0.0001371737,0.00002234287,0.000002205576,0.0009725759,5.099577e-7,0.0001761987,0.01458648,0.9720972,0.01057172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001460713,0.00003308203,0.003229532,0.0003144424,0.00002416448,0.000001745843,0.000296769,0.0000471751,0.000006523621,0.00005399595,0.9957118,0.0001346895],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.2415708,0.02793544,0.000831652,0.03332978,0.001319375,0.001238979,0.001872815,0.0009960405,0.6909051],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.06758805,0.0008404954,0.0003359685,0.004424137,0.001632649,0.00002619088,0.004278354,0.00003424847,0.9208399],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2299348,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9821235,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03812311624344509,"score_gpt":0.2693720589446906,"score_spread":0.2312489427012455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}