{"id":"W4387466115","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4596067","title":"The Turing Transformation: Artificial Intelligence, Intelligence Augmentation, and Skill Premiums","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Economic Development and Digital Transformation","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Transformation (genetics); Computer science; Turing; Artificial intelligence; Programming language","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002108661,0.0001132533,0.0001340541,0.0001909019,0.0004789528,0.0003189353,0.0001916968,0.00004811985,0.0000309833],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003704145,0.0001022865,0.0000623815,0.0002837891,0.00005517508,0.0008481159,0.00001653823,0.0004245815,0.000501781],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002794317,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001361286,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010578,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001519656,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981458,0.00001040195,0.0007425391,0.0001520146,0.00004767852,0.0009015998],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995735,0.00007290138,0.0001892695,0.0000841798,0.00002643894,0.00005366471],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001427635,0.000007325977,0.0004459623,0.000005709212,0.00003799373,2.223801e-7,0.001569141,0.0001507729,0.000001527474,0.8865025,0.00002319272,0.1112414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007119423,0.00005122124,0.001002638,0.00000904905,0.000003170991,0.00003658729,0.005262835,0.003976703,0.0002201977,0.9840882,0.005128005,0.0001502376],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6460075,0.00487506,0.2569222,0.009957982,0.001740175,0.0007150848,0.00002807438,0.0002095497,0.07954428],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9844443,0.01405576,0.0000513257,0.00004675015,0.0001025697,0.00001369809,0.00001424043,0.00001207215,0.001259254],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3384368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6449547,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0303902870003644,"score_gpt":0.2335284693673473,"score_spread":0.2031381823669829,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}