{"id":"W4387491882","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2023.108979","title":"Advances in mixed 2D and 3D perovskite heterostructure solar cells: A comprehensive review","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Nano Energy","topic":"Perovskite Materials and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":146,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning; National Research Foundation of Korea; Deanship of Scientific Research, King Khalid University","keywords":"Materials science; Photovoltaics; Perovskite (structure); Nanotechnology; Commercialization; Flexibility (engineering); Photovoltaic system; Scalability; Renewable energy; Engineering physics; Computer science; Business; Electrical engineering; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007047885,0.0004334688,0.001461736,0.0001645181,0.00006556699,0.00004184178,0.0002528722,0.0001925904,0.00002252281],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004984755,0.0003817585,0.0001569789,0.0004192092,0.00003309472,0.00006786032,0.0001405189,0.0002110684,0.00002845799],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007254374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002827391,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002497031,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004808868,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985125,0.0001009743,0.0005702961,0.0003801101,0.0001379746,0.0002981345],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993495,0.00007670667,0.0001219367,0.000356743,0.00002318349,0.00007189214],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[5.435703e-7,0.00000618581,4.671136e-8,0.06687313,0.00003162462,0.00001095027,0.00001064863,0.0003224274,0.0002476814,0.00008009688,0.001234841,0.9311818],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007375461,0.000009701226,5.505194e-7,0.01751088,0.0001157008,0.00002600536,0.000003277642,0.0000767191,0.00002558622,0.00003752454,0.9817635,0.00035673],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001607246,0.9984661,0.00004706002,0.000006569582,0.0004756443,0.0003167493,0.0003207126,0.0001827205,0.0001684065],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00002310965,0.9984872,0.0001539898,0.0000721473,0.0001330598,0.0006268469,0.0003103648,0.0001148695,0.00007836924],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9805287,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998634,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02179435939978141,"score_gpt":0.2761212205474274,"score_spread":0.254326861147646,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}