{"id":"W4387516844","doi":"10.1093/jos/ffad006","title":"Metaphorical Uses of Proper Names and the Continuity Hypothesis","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Semantics","topic":"Language, Metaphor, and Cognition","field":"Psychology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Linguistics; Phenomenon; Class (philosophy); Proper noun; Literal (mathematical logic); Set (abstract data type); Spell; Epistemology; Computer science; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005354202,0.0002765238,0.0004736698,0.001780783,0.002193463,0.004175313,0.001356086,0.001880629,0.004173757],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01393428,0.0004047609,0.0003986303,0.001349689,0.02171584,0.01701204,0.004968821,0.002413869,0.0002724727],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001500852,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006220739,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005590114,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003530669,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9923407,0.005022402,0.000309826,0.0008358999,0.001171404,0.0003198778],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9882182,0.007650123,0.001093002,0.001847292,0.0009268106,0.0002645557],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002357062,0.000007306456,0.0003862753,0.00003244371,0.000005024432,0.00009255241,0.004957646,0.0001113843,0.0004376612,0.9909277,0.0002469924,0.002771601],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001638014,0.0000264277,0.0009986411,0.00005649928,0.00001045288,0.0003236179,0.005711991,0.002088228,0.0009159236,0.9786932,0.01113607,0.00002241342],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4883182,0.002724504,0.2975142,0.01407804,0.0004315551,0.00008646219,0.0002165386,0.0003539092,0.1962766],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993567,0.0001211614,0.00512942,0.0001417547,0.00004611284,0.00001418312,0.00001729845,0.00002164663,0.0009415101],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005354202,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02831602,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03683111468613496,"score_gpt":0.294148250420926,"score_spread":0.257317135734791,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}