{"id":"W4387592192","doi":"10.1017/9781316718636.019","title":"Models in Question","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","topic":"Italy: Economic History and Contemporary Issues","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Content (measure theory); Information retrieval; World Wide Web; Database; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001128177,0.0007477269,0.0006775977,0.0009831397,0.0008864449,0.003172918,0.001586089,0.001745271,0.1935939],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003865939,0.0002188518,0.0008755386,0.001201893,0.000880803,0.004154005,0.001652957,0.001831286,0.04402016],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002209353,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001183219,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004594099,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003513301,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993899,0.0002373103,0.00003584357,0.0001435557,0.0001331315,0.00006031757],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990059,0.0003840499,0.0000553151,0.0002299672,0.0002555414,0.00006932725],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003618666,0.00001976533,0.0002966967,0.0002452439,0.00001475976,0.0001230301,0.0003448254,0.002341671,0.0001264868,0.7097015,0.2478108,0.03893915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008196207,0.00000865583,0.0001818145,0.0001893927,0.000007639967,0.00009111214,0.0001254356,0.001625427,0.00009276831,0.2010999,0.7965617,0.000007812005],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.003809997,0.01224889,0.03648556,0.03499059,0.002125862,0.0001682326,0.01017418,0.001096126,0.8989006],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1694593,0.01780787,0.02575994,0.009682214,0.002540812,0.0005526724,0.02250036,0.001503531,0.7501934],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1935939,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6476359,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05904044569136284,"score_gpt":0.1840494889678327,"score_spread":0.1250090432764699,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}