{"id":"W4387607605","doi":"10.3389/fenrg.2023.1188506","title":"Thermal performance of three horizontal ground heat exchanger systems: comparison of linear-loop, spiral-coil and slinky-coil arrangements","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Energy Research","topic":"Geothermal Energy Systems and Applications","field":"Energy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Electromagnetic coil; Heat exchanger; Heat pump; Thermal; Mechanical engineering; Heat transfer; Heat transfer coefficient; Spiral (railway); Mechanics; Nuclear engineering; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Thermodynamics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002448516,0.0004393755,0.0005528308,0.0004388503,0.0003254768,0.0005772694,0.0004500141,0.0004654073,0.001904883],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004164687,0.0002566122,0.0006258547,0.0005307913,0.0004893825,0.0005612765,0.0003654121,0.0002394039,0.0002899059],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005195841,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003640554,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00409481,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003552202,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999866,0.00002730985,0.000009612567,0.00002807317,0.00003223258,0.00003673442],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997504,0.00008883436,0.00004015543,0.00003387568,0.00005573307,0.00003095357],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008813114,0.0001732361,0.01469584,0.0001773331,0.00005757486,0.0001578467,0.0001566658,0.9237004,0.04350881,0.0006465937,0.0004484014,0.01539605],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008987412,0.001125678,0.01331329,0.00001702582,0.00006342163,0.00007603187,0.0002207224,0.9499184,0.03410841,0.0003170437,0.0007121649,0.00003788378],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952905,0.0001183016,0.0025858,0.00002578401,0.000009814455,0.00001121255,0.0001253871,0.00007151197,0.001761572],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987798,0.00004311474,0.0007533007,0.000002845483,7.762659e-7,0.000007463963,0.00005853436,0.000006636396,0.0003475754],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00409481,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008141935,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06648363750010242,"score_gpt":0.319244231273327,"score_spread":0.2527605937732246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}