{"id":"W4387615764","doi":"10.1039/bk9781837671847-00513","title":"Graphene-based Nanocomposites for Detection of Small Biomolecules (AA, DA, UA, and Trp)","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Electrochemical sensors and biosensors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Graphene; Nanotechnology; Biosensor; Biomolecule; Materials science; Nanocomposite; Ascorbic acid; Nanomaterials; Surface modification; Characterization (materials science); Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008242914,0.000730172,0.0002481113,0.0009223691,0.0001948694,0.000690201,0.000473285,0.0004380143,0.007287939],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000107966,0.0001883966,0.0002392964,0.0008775163,0.0001623627,0.0008690474,0.0003398706,0.0008064566,0.00517803],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002469226,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001640862,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002793771,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001218813,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999485,0.000003452989,0.000001572694,0.00001078715,0.00003178376,0.000003932663],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999715,0.00001337746,0.00000216341,0.000001569042,0.000008276644,0.00000315466],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005464203,0.0001332981,0.0001197034,0.002389092,0.00002621899,0.0002993357,0.0001649491,0.0009526468,0.2083673,0.02603958,0.05486519,0.706588],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004716356,0.00005491636,0.0002978909,0.0002325359,0.00001778748,0.0005996686,0.00003541314,0.001252483,0.05050218,0.004385646,0.9425979,0.00001901921],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01546096,0.5354174,0.06114412,0.001684373,0.003789454,0.000184881,0.0006974111,0.001353075,0.3802683],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.03858035,0.2880243,0.06817928,0.00131706,0.0005669284,0.0001456116,0.0007707016,0.0002876001,0.6021283],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007287939,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02438062,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01394939502604097,"score_gpt":0.1898051240681649,"score_spread":0.1758557290421239,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}